Rayon is a semi-synthetic fiber made from the cellulose of wood pulp or cotton. Because it begins as a natural material but is created through a chemical manufacturing process, it sits between natural and synthetic fibers. Rayon is valued for its softness, smooth drape, and breathability, and it includes well-known types such as viscose and modal.
What rayon is made from
Rayon starts with cellulose, the natural plant material found in wood pulp or cotton. That cellulose is dissolved and then reformed into fine fibers that can be spun into yarn. Because the raw material is natural but the process to create the fiber is chemical, rayon is classified as semi-synthetic, a category distinct from purely natural fibers like cotton and from fully synthetic ones like polyester.
Types of rayon
Rayon is an umbrella term covering several related fibers. Viscose is the most common type, known for its soft, fluid drape. Modal, made specifically from beechwood cellulose, is a stronger, especially soft variety popular in luxury sheeting. Lyocell is another type produced in a more environmentally efficient closed-loop process. Each shares rayon's signature softness while offering its own balance of strength, sheen, and care.
Why people choose rayon
Rayon's appeal lies in its silky softness and graceful drape, often at a more accessible price than silk. It is breathable and absorbent, feels cool and smooth against the skin, and takes dye beautifully for rich, lasting color. These qualities make rayon and its varieties a comfortable, versatile choice for bedding and soft furnishings, frequently blended with cotton to combine softness with structure.
Caring for rayon
Rayon can be sensitive to heat and agitation, so gentle care matters. Check the care label, as some rayon is best dry-cleaned. When washing is appropriate, use cool water and a gentle, phosphate-free cleanser, never chlorine bleach. Avoid wringing, and dry on low heat or lay flat, since high heat can cause shrinkage. Pressing on a low setting keeps rayon smooth.
You may also enjoy reading what modal fabric is, a soft and popular type of rayon.
This guide was prepared by Fig Linens and Home, a specialist in luxury bedding, bath, and table linens.
